Emerging Parties of the Civil War-
A few of the emerging parties were the Whigs, the Radical Republicans, the Democrats, Anti-Masons, Free Soils, Constitutional Union Party, Unconditional Union Party, and Federalists.
Conscription of the Union and the Confederacy-
Originally, the North and the South thought about using volunteer armies but eventually both had to use conscription. The Confederacy gave the soldiers a term limit for their conscription. The North had a three month term which gave them just long enough to be trained and defeated. This encouraged soldiers to enlist once more.
Copperheads-
Copperheads were a group of vocal Democrats who strived for a peaceable negotiation instead of a war. However, they did not support the Unions war efforts. They disapproved of Lincoln because the thought that he was being unconstitutional in his decisions. They gained supporters from people who wanted the war to end.
Lincoln's Leadership-
Lincoln was a very confident man who had the ability to turn political enemies into great and trusted allies. He had an uncanny ability to express himself well enough that he along with others would understand why he sounded as he did. His communication abilities were excellent, he could say what he wanted to say in the proper way it needed to be said in order for it be understood. Visit http://www.politickernj.com/sadubato/63342/lincolns-leadership-traits for more information.
Emancipation Proclamation-
This was written by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863 and it declared that all slaves in rebellious states are and henceforward free. This declaration was limited in many ways, it only applied to states in the Confederacy, it also exempted certain parts of the Confederacy that was reclaimed, and most importantly, it depended on the Unions victory. This declaration also allowed freed blacks to enlist in the army, essentially turning the liberated into liberators. This strengthened the Union both politically and milit
Scalawags-
Scalawags were Southerners who saw more opportunity in supporting the Reconstruction Process.
Carpetbaggers-
Carpetbaggers are Northerners who moved to the South after the war to work on behalf of the freed slaves. They exploited the regions misfortunes and supported the Republican Party.
Freedman's Bureau-
This was the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. They helped tens of thousands of freed African American Slaves along with impoverished white people in the South. This bureau was created by the government in 1865 in order to undertake the relief effort. For more information on what this bureau did, visit http://www.archives.gov/research/african-americans/freedmens-bureau/
10 Percent Plan-
This plan stated that Southern States could rejoin with the Union once 10 percent of their population swore loyalty to the Union. This was part of the reconstruction plan.
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments-
The 13th Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. The 14th Amendment addresses citizenship and equal protection of the laws. The 15th Amendment prohibits the state and federal governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that individuals race, color, ethnicity, or previous condition of servitude.
Tenure of Office Act-
This passed over the veto of President Andrew Johnson on March 2, 1867. This act provided that all federal officials whose appointment required Senate Confirmation could not be removed without the consent of the Senate. When the Senate was not in session, this act allowed the President to suspend an official but if the Senate when reconvened did not concur with the suspension, the official must be reinstated to his/her formal position.
Military Reconstruction Act-
This act was passed on March 7, 1867. This act was meant to rebuild the Southern Governments using the Northern Governments as examples. This act divided the South into five different districts, Virginia being the first one, North and South Carolina as the second one, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida as the third one, Mississippi and Arkansas as the fourth, and Louisiana and Texas as the fifth one. These territories were put under military control at which the military commanders had almost unlimited powers. Visit http://staff.highschool.spsd.org/ZahariDe/services/integrator/civilwar/military.htm for more information.
Compromise of 1877-
Immediately after the election of 1876, the outcome of the race depended on the only three states in which the Reconstruction era of the Republican Party was still in power. The Democrats agreed not
to block Hayes' Victory on the condition that the Republicans withdrew all troops from the south thus giving the control of the region to Democrats. This effectively marked the end of the reconstruction era.
http://youtu.be/LpqGUT53Vgk this is a general review of the Compromise of 1877.
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